The Importance of Temperature Regulation
For African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris), maintaining a stable and appropriate temperature is more than just comfort, it is essential to survival. These hedgehogs are native to equatorial regions of Africa, where temperatures remain warm and relatively stable year-round. In captivity, replicating these conditions is critical, as even slight temperature drops can trigger dangerous physiological responses like attempted hibernation.
Ideal Temperature Range
The optimal ambient temperature for African pygmy hedgehogs is: 22°C to 26°C (72°F to 79°F).
Some hedgehogs may tolerate up to 27°C (81°F) without signs of overheating, while others may become sluggish below 23°C (73°F). Each hedgehog is different, but dropping below 20°C (68°F) is widely considered a danger zone and must be avoided.
Nighttime drops of even a few degrees can stress the hedgehog’s system, particularly if this becomes a recurring pattern. Consistent warmth, day and night, is the key to preventing health issues.
The Risks of Low Temperatures: Hibernation Attempts
African pygmy hedgehogs do not hibernate naturally. Their bodies are not adapted to safely survive a state of torpor (a kind of temporary hibernation). When exposed to temperatures below 20°C (68°F), especially suddenly, a hedgehog may attempt to hibernate, which can be life-threatening.
During a hibernation attempt, the hedgehog may:
- Become cold to the touch
- Appear limp or unresponsive
- Curl tightly or remain unusually still
- Have slowed breathing and a lower heart rate
- Refuse food or water
Without immediate warming and monitoring, a hedgehog in this state can suffer organ damage, immune suppression, or death.
The Dangers of Overheating
While cold is the bigger risk, overheating can also cause distress, especially in poorly ventilated enclosures or during hot summers.
Signs of overheating include:
- Panting (rapid shallow breathing)
- Lethargy and disinterest in activity
- Sprawling limbs to cool down
- Increased water consumption
- In severe cases: heatstroke or collapse
Always monitor your hedgehog’s enclosure in summer as well as winter, especially in attic rooms or near windows.
Tools for Temperature Regulation
To maintain stable temperatures in your hedgehog’s enclosure:
- Use a ceramic heat emitter (CHE) with a thermostat for 24/7 ambient warmth. Never use heat mats as the sole source.
- Place a digital thermometer with probe inside the sleeping area to monitor actual nest temperature.
- In cold climates, insulate the enclosure from drafts, especially in winter.
- In hot weather, use fans (not directly aimed), open windows at night, or place a frozen water bottle wrapped in a cloth near the enclosure, never in it.
Seasonal Adjustments
- Winter:
- Heating is essential.
- Increase monitoring during sudden cold snaps or when central heating is off at night.
- Make sure the enclosure never drops below 22°C (72°F).
- Summer:
- Increase airflow.
- Monitor for overheating.
- Switch to lighter bedding if necessary and ensure hydration.
Summary
Temperature regulation is not optional in hedgehog care, it’s a fundamental part of keeping your pet alive and healthy. With the right tools and vigilance, it’s easy to maintain a warm and safe environment year-round. Always prioritize consistency, and never assume a hedgehog will “adapt” to cold, they won’t.
Sources
Reeve, N. (1994). Hedgehogs. Poyser Natural History.
The Hedgehog Welfare Society (2021). African Pygmy Hedgehog Care Guide.
McMullan, M. (2022). “Captive Climate Management in Exotic Pets.” Journal of Exotic Veterinary Practice.
Dierenkliniek Wilhelminapark (NL). Verzorging van de Afrikaanse witbuikegel.
ExoticDirect UK. (2020). “Temperature, Housing & Hibernation Risks in Pet Hedgehogs.”
Vetark. (2018). “Guidelines for Thermoregulation in Insectivores.”